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E. B ANGELL sis. PORTER. METHOD OF MAKING SPIKES.

No. 454,696. v Peytented June 23, 1891.

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E. E. ANGELL & S. PORTER.

METHOD OF MAKING SPIKES.

No. 454,696, Patented June 23, 1891.

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I I I UNITED STATES EDIVIN E. ANGELL, OF SOMERVILLE, AND STEPHEN PORTER,OF BOSTON PATENT OE Ic MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS TO THE ELECTRICALFORGING COMPANY,

OF MAINE.

METHOD OF MAKING SPlK-ES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 454,696, dated June 23,1891.

Application filed December 30, 1890. Serial No. 376,274; (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, EDWIN E. ANGELL, residing at Somerville, in thecounty of Middlesex, and STEPHEN PORTER, residing at Boston, in thecounty of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, citizens of the UnitedStates, have invented certain new and useful, Improvements in Methods ofMaking Spikes, of which the following is a specification.

The object of this invention is to produce in an economical mannerrailroad-spikes and similar articles of superior strength andpenetrating qualities.

The invention consists in forming a blank of a proper length to producea spike of the required size, the opposite ends of said blank being cuton parallel diagonal lines, then heating to a welding heat the upperportion only of said blank, then simultaneously bending the cool beveledend of said blank into the central axial line thereof to form the pointof the spike, and upsetting the heated end thereof into a spike-head,substantially as hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of aprepared blank to be made into a spike under this improved method. Fig.2represents a front elevation thereof. Fig. 3 represents a longitudinalsection of a die and a blank disposed therein preparatory to beingforged pursuant to this improved method. Fig. 4 represents the completedoperation,showing the die, the spike as formed therein from the blank,and the plunger which operates upon the blank in conjunction with thedie to form the spike. Fig. 5 represents a side elevation of a completespike. Fig. 6 represents a front elevation thereof. 7 represents a topview thereof.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in thedifferent figures.

In carrying out this process blanks similar to the blank 10 are cut froma bar of steel or other suitable metal of the cross-section required forthe spikes to be produced, and of a length nearly twice that of suchspike. In severing a blank the bar is out diagonally in parallel lines,forming beveled points 11 and 12, inclined in opposite directions attheopposite ends of the blank, and no waste of stock occurs. The upperportion 13 of the blank above the dotted line 15 is then heated by anelectric current or other suitable means of heating to a weldingtemperature, and the lower portion let is left cool, in themetallurgical sense of the term, below said dotted line. a die 20. Thisdie has an elongated chamber 22, of a length equal to the finished spikeminus its head, the lower end of said chamber being tapered on twoopposite sides, forming a pointed socket 23 of a shape corresponding tothe point of the finished spike. The die is also provided with a chamber21, in line with the chamber 22. This chamber 21 is of an area incross-section equal to the area of the head to be formed on the spike,and corresponds in shape to said head. A narrow shoulder 24, formed onone side at the lower end of the chamber 21, and a wide shoulder 25 isformed on the opposite side at the lower end of said chamber. Theshoulder 25 has a concave recess inclined downward toward the chamber24. A plunger is adapted to fitclosely and slide within the chamber21.This plunger is provided atits lower end with a concave recess 31,adapted to form the convex top of the head on the spike.

In placing the blank in the die the lower cool portion lat of the blankextends partially into the chamber 22, the beveled end thereof restingagainst the angle formed by one of the tapered sides of the socket 23,and the heated portion 13 stands in the larger chamber 21 with itsbeveled face toward the side of said chamber which has the narrowshoulder 2%. After the blank is placed in the position aforesaid, asrepresented in Fig. 3, the plunger 30 is forced into the chamber 22 intocontact with the softened portion of the blank, and drives said blankdownward until its beveled lower end swings into the pointed socket 23at the lower end of the chamber 22, whereby said beveled end is bentinto a central spikepoint, and at the same stroke said plunger,

The blank so heated is thenplaced in blank in a 0001 state into aspike-point and upsetting the heated and softened portion of said blankinto a spike-head, substantially as described.

EDWIN E. ANGELL. STEPHEN PORTER.

Witnesses:

GEO. D. BURTON, CHESTER lVIARR.

